sudo port install mysql5-server
sudo launchctl load -w /Library/LaunchDaemons/org.macports.mysql5.plist
sudo -u _mysql mysql_install_db5
sudo chown -R _mysql:_mysql /opt/local/var/db/mysql5/ 
sudo chown -R _mysql:_mysql /opt/local/var/run/mysql5/ 
sudo chown -R _mysql:_mysql /opt/local/var/log/mysql5/

I then add the following aliases to make it easy to start, stop and restart MySQL:

mate ~/.bashrc

alias mysql-start="sudo /opt/local/share/mysql5/mysql/mysql.server start"
alias mysql-restart="sudo /opt/local/share/mysql5/mysql/mysql.server restart"
alias mysql-stop="sudo /opt/local/share/mysql5/mysql/mysql.server stop"

source ~/.profile

You can then use the following to start MySQL:

mysql-start

Note: I had errors when I first tried starting MySQL. This was because I’d installed a version of MySQL previously from the official site and it was conflicting. Removing the old version of MySQL did the trick – instructions here.

When you start the server, it’s best to set the root user password:

mysqladmin5 -u root password mysupersecretpassword

Then to setup PHP to work with MySQL:

sudo port install php5-mysql

Then update the php.ini file:

sudo nano /opt/local/etc/php5/php.ini

And ensure this line is in there:

mysql.default_socket = /opt/local/var/run/mysql5/mysqld.sock

Restart Apache, and then you’re all set.

There’s a lot of buzz brewing about it, so I wanted to give it a try with PHP on my development Mac. The following is how I went about installing Apache, PHP and MongoDB on Snow Leopard. You must have installed the Xcode developer tools (found on the Snow Leopard install DVD) and MacPorts for this to all work.

First, let’s install Apache:

sudo port install apache2

Nice and simple. Now we can move onto PHP:

sudo port install php5 +apache2 +pear

To enable PHP for Apache:

cd /opt/local/apache2/modules
sudo /opt/local/apache2/bin/apxs -a -e -n "php5" libphp5.so

I like to make some alias commands for starting, restarting and stopping Apache:

mate ~/.bashrc

alias apache-start="sudo /opt/local/apache2/bin/apachectl start"
alias apache-restart="sudo /opt/local/apache2/bin/apachectl restart"
alias apache-stop="sudo /opt/local/apache2/bin/apachectl stop"

source ~/.bashrc

Now we can make a few changes to the Apache config so that we can use our Sites directory:

sudo mate /opt/local/apache2/conf/httpd.conf

I’m using Textmate here (mate), but you can use any editor you wish, like nano.

Change the DocumentRoot:

DocumentRoot "/Users/davidwinter/Sites"

Then update the <Directory> path to the updated DocumentRoot path.

<Directory "/Users/davidwinter/Sites">

We also want to enable index.php as a directory index file:

<IfModule dir_module>
    DirectoryIndex index.html index.php
</IfModule>

And then add the PHP mime type:

<IfModule mime_module>
    ...
    AddType application/x-httpd-php .php
    AddType application/x-httpd-php-source .phps
</IfModule>

Now we need to setup the php.ini file:

sudo cp /opt/local/etc/php5/php.ini-development /opt/local/etc/php5/php.ini

sudo mate /opt/local/etc/php5/php.ini

My timezone is for London:

date.timezone = Europe/London

Now we can get onto installing MongoDB (this will install the latest stable version as of time of writing – 1.2.1):

sudo port install mongodb

And then the PHP MongoDB extension:

sudo pecl install mongo

You’ll need to add the extension to the bottom of your php.ini file:

sudo mate /opt/local/etc/php5/php.ini

extension=mongo.so

Now startup Apache using the alias created earlier:

apache-start

If you create a file in your Sites directory, called test.php, and add the following to it:

<?php phpinfo(); ?>

Then visit the page in your browser; http://localhost/test.php

You can then scroll down the page and you should see a section titled ‘mongo’. This means the extension is working!

Now we need to startup MongoDB:

mkdir -p ~/data/db
mongod --dbpath ~/data/db/

Almost there, now a simple MongoDB test in PHP:

<?php
// Connect:
$connection = new Mongo();
// Select database:
$db = $connection->my_db;
// Select collection:
$films = $db->films;

$frwl = array(
    'title' => 'From Russia With Love',
    'year' => 1963,
    'actor' => 'Sean Connery'
);
// Save array to collection:
$films->insert($frwl);

$gf = array(
    'title' => 'Goldfinger',
    'year' => 1964,
    'actor' => 'Sean Connery',
    'girl' => 'Pussy Galore'
);

$films->insert($gf);

// Count documents in collection:
if ($films->count()): ?>
<table>
    <tr>
        <th>Title</th>
        <th>Year</th>
        <th>Actor</th>
        <th>Girl</th>
    </tr>
    <?php foreach ($films->find() as $film): ?>
    <tr>
        <td><?php echo $film['title']; ?></td>
        <td><?php echo $film['year']; ?></td>
        <td><?php echo $film['actor']; ?></td>
        <td><?php echo $film['girl']; ?></td>
    </tr>
    <?php endforeach; ?>
</table>
<?php endif;
?>

Very exciting stuff. More to follow.

display_errors = Off
log_errors = On
error_log = /var/log/php-errors.log

Make the log file, and writable by www-data:

sudo touch /var/log/php-errors.log
sudo chown www-data:www-data /var/log/php-errors.log

Install and setup

Install PHP 5:

sudo aptitude install php5-cgi

Install nginx:

sudo aptitude install nginx

Create PHP 5 FastCGI start-up script:

sudo nano /etc/init.d/php-fastcgi

Inside, put:

#!/bin/bash
BIND=127.0.0.1:9000
USER=www-data
PHP_FCGI_CHILDREN=15
PHP_FCGI_MAX_REQUESTS=1000

PHP_CGI=/usr/bin/php-cgi
PHP_CGI_NAME=`basename $PHP_CGI`
PHP_CGI_ARGS="- USER=$USER PATH=/usr/bin PHP_FCGI_CHILDREN=$PHP_FCGI_CHILDREN PHP_FCGI_MAX_REQUESTS=$PHP_FCGI_MAX_REQUESTS $PHP_CGI -b $BIND"
RETVAL=0

start() {
      echo -n "Starting PHP FastCGI: "
      start-stop-daemon --quiet --start --background --chuid "$USER" --exec /usr/bin/env -- $PHP_CGI_ARGS
      RETVAL=$?
      echo "$PHP_CGI_NAME."
}
stop() {
      echo -n "Stopping PHP FastCGI: "
      killall -q -w -u $USER $PHP_CGI
      RETVAL=$?
      echo "$PHP_CGI_NAME."
}

case "$1" in
    start)
      start
  ;;
    stop)
      stop
  ;;
    restart)
      stop
      start
  ;;
    *)
      echo "Usage: php-fastcgi {start|stop|restart}"
      exit 1
  ;;
esac
exit $RETVAL

Make start-up script executable:

sudo chmod +x /etc/init.d/php-fastcgi

Launch PHP:

sudo /etc/init.d/php-fastcgi start

Launch at start-up:

sudo update-rc.d php-fastcgi defaults

That’s it. All installed and ready to go.

Test

In your server config, add the following:

location ~ \.php$ {
    fastcgi_pass    127.0.0.1:9000;
    fastcgi_index   index.php;
    fastcgi_param   SCRIPT_FILENAME /var/www/nginx-default$fastcgi_script_name;
    include         fastcgi_params;
}

Restart nginx:

sudo /etc/init.d/nginx restart

Create a file in your web root (in the example above, /var/www/nginx-default/test.php):

<?php

phpinfo();

Visit the page in your browser and you should see the standard PHP info page. And you’re done.

Source: Aberration

Create your authentication controller in system/application/libraries and call it MY_Controller.php. It’s important that you prefix the controller name with MY_, or whatever you have specified $config['subclass_prefix'] as in your configuration.

<?php

class MY_Controller extends Controller
{
    public function __construct()
    {
        parent::__construct();
        $this->load->library('session');
        if (!$this->session->userdata('loggedin'))
        {
            header('Location: /sessions/login');
        }
    }
}

This basically checks if the session data for loggedin is set to true. If not, it’ll redirect the user to the /sessions/login URL. This means we have to create a basic controller to handle the sessions.

<?php

class Sessions extends Controller
{
    public function __construct()
    {
        parent::__construct();
        $this->load->library('session');
    }

    public function login()
    {
        $this->load->view('header');
        $this->load->view('sessions/login');
        $this->load->view('footer');
    }

    public function authenticate()
    {
        $this->load->model('user', '', true);
        if ($this->user->authenticate($this->input->post('username'), $this->input->post('password')))
        {
            $this->session->set_userdata('loggedin', true);
            header('Location: /');
        }
        else
        {
            header('Location: /sessions/login');
        }
    }

    public function logout()
    {
        $this->session->unset_userdata('loggedin');
        header('Location: /');
    }
}

The login view is a basic form with fields for username and password that submits to /sessions/authenticate. This controller then loads the user model and checks that a user with the username and password exists. If so, it sets the session data for loggedin to true and redirects the user back to the default controller. If not, it takes the user back to the login page.

Then to implement the authentication in a controller, simply do:

<?php

class SecretPlace extends MY_Controller
{
...

It’s a good idea to store your session data in your database and encrypt your cookies with $config['sess_encrypt_cookie'] = TRUE; in config.php. That way people won’t be able to snoop around and try to trick your application into thinking they’re authenticated.

sudo aptitude install lighttpd

Install PHP and ImageMagick:

sudo aptitude install php5-common php5-dev php5-mysql php5-sqlite php5-cgi php5-curl php5-gd php-pear libmagick9-dev

Install iMagick:

sudo pecl install imagick

Press enter on prompt.

Add the following to the bottom of /etc/php5/cgi/php.ini:

extension=imagick.so

Then:

sudo lighttpd-enable-mod fastcgi
sudo /etc/init.d/lighttpd reload

You’ll probably need to view the source in your browser to see the output.

The second argument isn’t required in this call, because HttpRequest defaults to a GET request anyway, but it’s just helpful to see where you can specify the different HTTP methods. The others being, post, put and delete.

curl -V

Check that the output contains https:

>: curl -V
curl 7.19.2 (i386-apple-darwin9.5.0) libcurl/7.19.2 OpenSSL/0.9.8i zlib/1.2.3
Protocols: tftp ftp telnet dict http file https ftps 
Features: Largefile NTLM SSL libz

If it doesn’t:

sudo port deactivate curl
sudo port install curl +ssl

Once you have curl with https support:

sudo pecl install pecl_http

If you followed my previous howto, you’ll want to move the module to the location specified in your php.ini file:

sudo cp /opt/local/lib/php/extensions/no-debug-non-zts-20060613/http.so /opt/local/lib/php/extensions

Restart lighttpd and then you’ll be good to go.

I’m now switching to lighttpd for my development server, so have come up with the following recipe to install PHP5 and the great Imagick extension for image manipulation.

Follow these instructions at your own risk! They worked fine on my setup but I can’t guarantee they will for you.

1. Install Xcode.
2. Install MacPorts.

3. Now update MacPorts:

   sudo port selfupdate
   

4. Install lighttpd:

   sudo port install lighttpd
   

   Install the startup item and copy the default configuration file:

   sudo launchctl load -w /Library/LaunchDaemons/org.macports.lighttpd.plist
   sudo cp /opt/local/etc/lighttpd/lighttpd.conf.default /opt/local/etc/lighttpd/lighttpd.conf
   

5. Now we install PHP with the FastCGI, MySQL and Pear variants.

   sudo port install php5 +fastcgi +mysql5 +pear
   

   In order for this to work, I had to disable the port perl5.8 by using the following command:

   sudo port deactivate perl5.8
   sudo port activate perl5
   

   Then run the command again and it should succeed:

   sudo port install php5 +fastcgi +mysql5 +pear
   

6. Copy over the default PHP configuration:

   sudo cp /opt/local/etc/php.ini-dist /opt/local/etc/php.ini
   

7. Now open up the PHP configuration file:

   sudo mate /opt/local/etc/php.ini
   

   Add the following line to the file:

   cgi.fix_pathinfo=1
   

   Find extension_dir = "./" and replace it with:

   extension_dir = "/opt/local/lib/php/extensions"
   extension=imagick.so
   

8. Edit the lighttpd configuration file:

   sudo mate /opt/local/etc/lighttpd/lighttpd.conf
   

   Ensure that the following is uncommented:

   fastcgi.server = ( ".php" =>
       ( "localhost" =>
           (
               "socket" => "/var/run/lighttpd/php-fastcgi.socket",
               "bin-path" => "/opt/local/bin/php-cgi"
           )
       )
   )
   

   And also make lighttpd run as the user www:

   server.username = "www"
   server.groupname = "www"
   

   Add the following if you want to be able to use your Sites directory in your home directory. I also changed the default document root to the OS X default:

   server.modules += ("mod_userdir")
   userdir.path = "Sites"
   userdir.basepath = "/Users/"
   server.document-root = "/Library/WebServer/Documents"
   

   Ensure that "mod_fastcgi", is uncommented.

9. Now we need to setup a few directories, and make the user www the owner for them:

   sudo mkdir /var/run/lighttpd
   sudo mkdir /var/log/lighttpd
   sudo chown www:www /var/run/lighttpd
   sudo chown www:www /var/log/lighttpd
   

10. Now install ImageMagick:

    sudo port install imagemagick
    

11. Now we need to download the Imagick PHP module. I was hoping this would be as easy as sudo pecl install imagick, however I got an error for that, and so a manual build and install of the module is necessary:

    curl -O http://pecl.php.net/get/imagick-2.2.1.tgz
    tar xvfz imagick-2.2.1.tgz
    cd imagick-2.2.1/
    phpize
    ./configure --with-imagick=/opt/local
    make
    sudo make install
    sudo cp /opt/local/lib/php/extensions/no-debug-non-zts-20060613/imagick.so /opt/local/lib/php/extensions
    

And finally, you can then run LightTPD with the following. The -D flag tells lighttpd not to run in the background–you don’t need to use it:

lighttpd -f /opt/local/etc/lighttpd/lighttpd.conf -D

You should then be able to visit a PHP file in your browser to test that it works. A simple test file would be:

<?php
$img = new Imagick('pic.jpg');
$img->rotateImage('#fff', 45);
header('Content-type: image/jpeg');
echo $img;
?>

This is just a simple Imagick rotate on an image.

yum install lighttpd lighttpd-fastcgi php
mkdir /var/run/lighttpd
touch /var/run/lighttpd/php-fastcgi.socket
chown -R lighttpd:lighttpd /var/run/lighttpd/
vim /etc/php.ini

Add in php.ini the following; cgi.fix_pathinfo = 1. Save and close the file.

Now open up /etc/lighttpd/lighttpd.conf. Uncomment the following line "mod_fastcgi", from the server.modules option. Then ensure that the following is uncommented:

fastcgi.server  = ( ".php" =>
    ( "localhost" =>
        (
            "socket" => "/var/run/lighttpd/php-fastcgi.socket",
            "bin-path" => "/usr/bin/php-cgi"
        )
    )
)

Save the file. Now create a test file, /srv/www/lighttpd/index.php and just include <?php phpinfo(); ?>. Now open your favourite browser and visit http://localhost/index.php. You should be greeted with a friendly PHP page, and you’re set to go.